A comprehensive introduction to oil-immersed transformers

Oil-immersed transformer is a common power transformer, also known as oil-immersed insulation transformer. It uses insulating oil as the insulating medium and can effectively cool the winding of the transformer. This article will give a comprehensive introduction to the structure, working principle, advantages and disadvantages, and application fields of oil-immersed transformers.

1. Structure Oil-immersed transformer is composed of oil tank, iron core, winding, insulating oil, cooling device and so on. Oil tank: used to hold windings and insulating oil, and provide mechanical protection. Iron core: It is made of laminated silicon steel sheets, which is used to provide a magnetic circuit and reduce magnetic resistance and magnetic loss. Winding: including high-voltage winding and low-voltage winding, high-conductivity copper or aluminum wires are wound on insulating materials and separated by insulating gaskets. Insulating oil: filled in the oil tank to insulate and cool the winding. Cooling device: Generally, a radiator or cooler is used to discharge the heat generated in the winding.

2. Working principle The working principle of oil-immersed transformer is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When the high-voltage winding is energized, an alternating electromagnetic field is formed in the iron core, thereby inducing the electromotive force in the low-voltage winding to realize the transformation and transmission of electric energy.

3. Advantages Good heat dissipation performance: the winding is soaked in insulating oil, which can effectively dissipate heat and maintain the stable operation of the transformer. Excellent insulation performance: insulating oil has good insulation performance, which can block the electrical and environmental influences between the winding and the outside world. Strong bearing capacity: Due to the cooling of insulating oil, oil-immersed transformers can withstand large load currents. Low noise: Insulating oil has the effect of sound insulation, which can reduce the noise generated by the transformer during operation. Strong short-circuit resistance: insulating oil has a good cooling effect and can withstand high short-circuit current.

4. Application fields Oil-immersed transformers are widely used in the following fields: Power transmission and distribution system: used in substations, substations and other places in the power transmission and distribution network.

Industrial field: used in factories, mines, metallurgy and other industrial places to provide stable power supply. Construction industry: used for power supply for lighting, elevators, air conditioners and other equipment in buildings, shopping malls, hotels and other places. Railway and subway: used for power transmission and distribution of railway line equipment, stations, etc. Power plants: used for generators in power plants and transformers in substations, etc. To sum up, the oil-immersed transformer can provide excellent insulation performance and heat dissipation performance through the use of insulating oil, and has the advantages of strong bearing capacity and strong short-circuit resistance. However, problems such as insulating oil leakage and contamination are disadvantages that need attention. Oil-immersed transformers are widely used in power transmission and distribution systems, industrial fields, construction, railways, and power plants.